Steric Effects in Multiplexed Immunofluorescence

Steric Effects in Multiplexed Immunofluorescence

Structural biology is focused on mapping where proteins, lipids and other biological molecules are located in cells and tissues in space. Researchers often use immunofluorescence labelling techniques that have been around for decades to visualize biomolecules and...
Definitive Phenotypes in Flow Cytometry

Definitive Phenotypes in Flow Cytometry

Standardization may not be the most exciting topic in biomedical research, but in an era where we lament the lack of reproducibility and distribute blame to reagents, sample prep, and general technical know-how, standardization is something every researcher should...
2D vs 3D Cell Cultures

2D vs 3D Cell Cultures

Two-dimensional (2D) cell cultures represent a cornerstone of scientific research due to their relative simplicity and the establishment of standard techniques over time. In recent years though, 3D cell culture models have risen in popularity for the more...
Automated Voltage Settings for Optimal Assay Performance

Automated Voltage Settings for Optimal Assay Performance

Back before spectral cytometry, flow cytometers were composed of optical configurations with individual photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) or avalanche photodiodes (APDs) behind filters centered at the peak emission of different fluorophores. Many might call these...
Multiplexing with Spectral Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Multiplexing with Spectral Confocal Fluorescence Microscopy

Biologists are very interested in how proteins, lipids and other compounds are organized and interact in systems. Very few organizational details can be gained by using standard transmission-based light microscopy, even when employing phase or other contrast-enhancing...
Spectral Spillover in Flow Cytometry

Spectral Spillover in Flow Cytometry

What is Spectral Spillover? In flow cytometry, spectral spillover occurs when the emission of one fluorophore overlaps the optimal detection channel of a different fluorophore. Spillover is a concern in flow cytometry, as it can make fluorescent signatures difficult...